Lizzy asks: The creation of microplastics and the dangers

Interview on the topic of microplastics

Ass.Prof. Mag. Dr.rer.nat. Christian Zafiu from the Institute for Waste and Circular Management at BOKU talks about the creation of microplastics and the dangers posed by microplastics in the environment.

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Ass.Prof. Mag. Dr.rer.nat. Christian Zafiu is an assistant professor at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences at the Institute for Waste and Circular Economy, who works on waste forensics and thus on the fate of waste materials in our environment.

The risk posed by microplastics is significant, especially because our knowledge of the associated dangers is still limited. Microplastics are known to contain harmful substances, particularly in certain types of waste such as electrical appliances. These particles can penetrate the human body and accumulate in almost all organs. We do not yet know the full extent of this, which requires continued monitoring and development of countermeasures.

Microplastics are divided into primary and secondary microplastics. Primary microplastics are produced directly in this form, for example as an additive in cosmetics for skin peeling, or are used in industrial processes. Its use in cosmetic products is now banned in many places because it has been recognized as an avoidable source. Primary microplastics can be further classified into Type A, which is deliberately produced, and Type B, which is created through abrasion processes such as tires.

Secondary microplastics result from the breakdown of larger pieces of plastic, such as bottles, that end up in the environment. This decay is accelerated by biological, chemical and physical influences, such as solar radiation or mechanical abrasion, and leads to the formation of fine microplastic particles.

In order to reduce the entry of microplastics into the environment, it is crucial not to carelessly release plastic waste into the environment and, if possible, to replace it with quickly degradable plastics. Proper disposal of plastic products is essential to prevent them from entering the environment in the first place.